Colonoscopy

colonoscopy · bowel scope · lower endoscopy · colon cancer screening

The doctor looks inside your large bowel with a flexible tube that has a camera. Small polyps can be removed and samples taken during the same test.

To find polyps and bowel cancer, if there is blood in your stool, anemia, or changes in bowel habits, and for screening from about age 45 to 50.

⏱ Duration: the test itself usually takes 20 to 40 minutes, plus bowel prep the day before

Be sure to tell your doctor

2 to 3 days before. Eat a low-fiber diet: no vegetables, fruit, leafy greens, seeds, nuts, whole grains, or beans.
The day before. Usually a light breakfast, then clear liquids only: water, clear broth, tea without milk.
Bowel prep. Drink the bowel prep solution as your doctor says, often in two parts: in the evening and early in the morning. This matters most for a good result.
Ready?. Your prep worked if your stool is a clear yellow liquid with no bits.

You change into disposable shorts with an opening at the back
You lie on your left side with your knees to your chest
If you have sedation, medicine goes into a vein and you fall asleep
The doctor gently moves the tube through the bowel, adding air so the walls open up
Sometimes you are asked to turn onto your back
If a small polyp is found, it is removed right away

Without sedation: bloating and cramps from the air. It can be unpleasant. Tell the doctor
With sedation: you usually feel and remember nothing

Severe belly pain, a high fever, or heavy bleeding from the bottom: see a doctor right away or call emergency services

Can I be asleep for a colonoscopy?

Yes, with sedation. You sleep for 20 to 40 minutes. Afterward, someone must take you home, and you cannot drive.

Why do I have to drink so much solution?

The bowel must be clean. Otherwise the doctor may miss a polyp, and the test may have to be repeated.